• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method of removing caffeine from vegetable materials using a solvent containing two components: (a) a first component which is inherently gaseous under operational conditions, and (b) a second component which, by itself, has physical properties such that a mixture of (a) and (b) is liquid at the operating temperature.
    公开号:SU1056874A3
    申请号:SU782627102
    申请日:1978-06-16
    公开日:1983-11-23
    发明作者:Розелиус Людвиг；Курцхальс Ханс-Альберт；Хуберт Петер
    申请人:Хаг Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2. The method according to 1, 1 and 2, and the fact that the separation of water from the solvent is carried out with a pressure reducing bottle 105687
    The invention relates to methods for selectively extracting caffeine from vegetable raw materials with liquid, health-friendly solvent and can be used in the food industry, for example, to decaffeinate coffee, the closest technical essence and the most desirable result to the invention is the method of removing caffeine from raw coffee, providing for the conversion of gaseous solvent into a liquid state, extraction of caffeine by this liquid solvent by repeated circulation through ca oh raw materials and the separation of caffeine from solvent lj. However, the method does provide a highly selective removal of caffeine, but it is characterized by a high expenditure of time for processing, high energy consumption and the need for sophisticated equipment. The invention aims to shorten the process time and make it more economical. caffeine from vegetable raw materials, providing for the conversion of gaseous solvent into a liquid state, extracting the caffeine with this liquid solvent by repeated circulation Through a layer of raw material and the separation of caffeine from the solvent, the gaseous solvent is transferred to a liquid state by adding acetone or pentane and coffee oil to it. In this way, the separation of caffeine from the solvent can be achieved by reducing the pressure. The raw materials of vegetable origin for decaffeinating are: raw coffee beans or ground coffee), roasted coffee, tea, cola leaves, and also water extracts of these natural products. When processing raw materials of plant origin, the aroma of which is required for especially gentle handling, aromatic substances are removed from the raw material by known methods before extraction of caffeine and reintroduced into the raw material after extraction. The temperature for the extraction of caffeine is chosen in the range of 0-100 ° C, while processing the solid raw material for C02 (as a gaseous product) sets the temperature range from room to 90 C, and when caffeine is removed from aqueous extracts, the temperature is set to 0-70 ° C . It has been found that with increasing pressure, for example from 100 to 250 bar, for CO2 / acetone at 50 ° C there is a significant increase in the rate of caffeine recovery, although an increase in the concentration of the solution is relatively small. On the contrary, the use of low pressure avoids a small amount of equipment. The extractable caffeine is separated from the solvent using an adsorbent (acuivated carbon, molecular sieve) or changes in pressure and / or temperature. At the end of the caffeine extraction, the solvent is separated from the raw material while reducing the pressure, resulting in a small amount of additives in the extraction system almost exclusively on the surface of the raw material, which is removed by vacuum, heating, evaporation, purging with gaseous solvent or other inert gas. In FIG. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of plants for carrying out a method for removing caffeine from plant raw materials. Designations on the diagrams: 1 - extractor, 2 - adsorber, 3 circulation pump, 4 - sump, 5 heat exchanger, 6 - pump, 7 - cooler, 8 - store room and 9 - separation system. In accordance with the installation scheme shown in FIG. 1, the process of separating caffeine from vegetable raw materials, such as coffee,
    carried out by placing the raw material in the extractor 1, followed by pumping the solvent. The solvent is added to the extractor 1 from the storage facility 8 °. The pump 6 supplies additives to the circulating system. The circulation pump 3 serves to transfer the solvent to the extraction system, which consists of the extractor 1, the adsorber 2 and heat exchanger 5 and serves to maintain the temperature at the desired level. The caffeine solvent from extractor 1 is fed to adsorber 2, then to the extractor again,
    During the circulation process in the unit of FIG. 2, the caffeine is removed from the solvent by cooling it. The separation of the phases of the caffeine-containing solvent is carried out in the cooler 7, while the two-phase system is fed to the sump C, where the phases are separated based on the difference in their densities, the caffeine-containing phase which contains the additives from the solvent, is fed to the separation system 9 in which caffeine is separated from the additives that are pumped back to the circulation system by pump 6.
    Example 1 "In the extractor 1 (fig, l) are placed 26 kg of raw coffee.
    With a moisture content of 36.6 wt., 92 mol% of gas-forming COji is converted into liquid state by introducing 8 mol.% of acetone, the liquid solvent with an additive is passed through for 8 hours through an extractor with a co-powder. After the caffeine removal is complete, the CO2 / acetone solution is removed by reducing the pressure, the coffee is dried under vacuum.
    The solvent is freed from caffeine on the adsorbent - activated carbon.
    Example 2. In 98 mol, CO, 12 mol, pentone and 0.3 wt., Of deodorized raw coffee oil, 1900 ml of this liquid solvent are contacted in an autoclave with stirring for 15 minutes with 100 ml of an aqueous solution of raw coffee extract with a total content of dry substances 19.0 wt,% and a caffeine content of 0.6 wt.%. After separating the liquid solvent from the aqueous extract, add 1900 ml of liquid solvent again and mix for 15 minutes. In total, the aqueous extract is applied 12 times.
    The proposed method makes it possible to reduce the process of extracting caffeine from plant raw materials and to refuse to use complex equipment.
    .2
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. A METHOD FOR REMOVING COFFEEIN FROM VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS, which involves transferring a gaseous solvent to a liquid state, extracting caffeine with this liquid solvent by repeatedly circulating through a layer of raw materials and separating caffeine from the solvent, characterized in that, in order to reduce the duration of the process and increase its economy, a gas-like the solvent in the liquid state is carried out by introducing acetone or pentane and coffee oil into it.
    1
    SU w, 1056874
    [2]
    2. The method according to π. 1, differs from the solvent by pushing the second step in that the coffee is separated by pressure reduction.
    I ...
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    EP0041634B1|1983-07-13|Coffee aromatisation process
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK269678A|1978-12-17|
    DE2727191B2|1980-07-03|
    BE868203A|1978-10-16|
    ATA374278A|1980-04-15|
    IT7824022D0|1978-05-30|
    DK149321B|1986-05-05|
    AT359814B|1980-12-10|
    CH634202A5|1983-01-31|
    IT1096612B|1985-08-26|
    DK149321C|1986-10-06|
    US4255458A|1981-03-10|
    JPS5633395B2|1981-08-03|
    FR2394547B1|1981-08-14|
    DD135491A5|1979-05-09|
    DE2727191A1|1978-12-21|
    LU79810A1|1979-07-20|
    GB1596364A|1981-08-26|
    FR2394547A1|1979-01-12|
    CA1109324A|1981-09-22|
    NL7806406A|1978-12-19|
    JPS5436299A|1979-03-16|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR12612E|1909-11-11|1910-10-20|Louis Klein|Process for obtaining caffeine-free coffee beans|
    CH147145A|1930-01-03|1931-05-31|Carl Helmke Wilhelm Arnold|Process for the production of decaffeinated, respectively. low-caffeine green coffee.|
    US1957358A|1931-07-07|1934-05-01|Scheele Erich|Process of producing caffein-free coffee|
    FR733915A|1931-09-03|1932-10-13|Koro Kaffee Kompagnie G M B H|Coffee making process without caffeine|
    FR791055A|1934-06-09|1935-12-02|Process for preparing tea not containing theine|
    FR995441A|1945-03-02|1951-12-03|Food products obtained from coffee or other materials of plant origin and their manufacturing process|
    CH535543A|1970-02-05|1973-04-15|Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh|Process for decaffeinating green coffee|
    US3769033A|1970-04-24|1973-10-30|Gen Foods Corp|Green bean decaffination employing fluorinated hydrocarbons|
    DE2119678C3|1971-04-22|1975-10-30|Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh, 4330 Muelheim|Process for the production of decaffeinated coffee extract|
    AT313039B|1971-05-07|1974-01-25|Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh|Process for obtaining caffeine from green coffee|
    DE2212281C3|1972-03-14|1978-11-18|Hag Ag|PROCESS FOR DECOFFEINATING RAW COFFEE|
    DE2450978A1|1974-10-26|1976-04-29|Helmut Dallinga|Caffeine extraction from coffee by solvent treatment - esp. coffee beans without alteration of taste or aroma|
    US4081561A|1976-04-13|1978-03-28|General Foods Corporation|Partially decaffeinated soluble coffee product and method therefor|DE2737793A1|1977-08-22|1979-03-08|Peter Siegfried|Decaffeination of raw coffee - by selective extraction of caffeine with extractant and compressed gas at elevated temp. and pressure|
    DE2844781A1|1978-10-13|1980-04-24|Hag Ag|METHOD FOR EXTRACTIVE PROCESSING OF VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL MATERIALS|
    DE2846976C3|1978-10-28|1982-05-06|Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen|Process for decaffeinating green coffee|
    US4237288A|1979-05-17|1980-12-02|Societe D'assistance Technique Pour Produits Nestle S.A.|Decaffeination of fatty materials|
    US4562083A|1980-07-07|1985-12-31|General Foods Corporation|Decaffeination of green coffee with n-butyl acetate|
    US4472443A|1980-09-26|1984-09-18|General Foods Corporation|Aprotic solvent decaffeination|
    US4472442A|1980-09-26|1984-09-18|General Foods Corporation|Decaffeination process|
    US4861607A|1981-03-20|1989-08-29|Nestec S. A.|Removal of xanthine stimulants from cocoa|
    GB2095091B|1981-03-20|1984-08-22|Nestle Sa|Removal of xanthine stimulants from cocoa|
    DE3331906A1|1983-09-03|1985-03-21|Kohlensäure-Werke Rud. Buse GmbH & Co, 5462 Bad Hönningen|METHOD FOR SEPARATING MIXTURES OF ORGANIC COMPONENTS|
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    DE3413869C2|1984-04-12|1989-08-31|Hopfenextraktion Hvg Barth, Raiser & Co, 8069 Wolnzach, De|
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    DE3415844C2|1984-04-27|1994-02-03|Sueddeutsche Kalkstickstoff|Process for the production of decaffeinated tea|
    US4749522A|1985-10-31|1988-06-07|Angio-Medical Corporation|Supercritical fluid extraction of animal derived materials|
    DE3632401C2|1986-09-24|1991-01-10|Hopfen-Extraktion Hvg Barth, Raiser & Co, 8069 Wolnzach, De|
    US4820537A|1987-03-13|1989-04-11|General Foods Corporation|Method for decaffeinating coffee with a supercritical fluid|
    FR2629735B1|1988-04-11|1991-03-22|Agronomique Inst Nat Rech|PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE FROM VOLATILE COMPOUNDS, AND COMPOUNDS OBTAINED|
    US4911941A|1988-08-05|1990-03-27|General Foods Corporation|Method for decaffeinating coffee with a supercritical fluid|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE2727191A|DE2727191B2|1977-06-16|1977-06-16|Process for the selective extraction of caffeine from plant materials|
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